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1.
Arq. Inst. Biol. (Online) ; 89: e00462020, 2022. tab, mapas
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1383683

ABSTRACT

The present objective was to investigate the presence of anti-equine viral encephalomyelitis (EVE) antibodies and the possible risk factors for its dissemination in horses raised in the East and West Potiguar mesoregions of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Serological diagnosis for neutralizing antibodies against Eastern (EEEV), Western (WEEV) and Venezuelan (VEEV). Equine viral encephalomyelitis was performed using a seroneutralization technique on 811 blood samples from horses from ninety properties and sixteen municipalities between July 2018 and February 2019. Factors associated with EVE were evaluated using an investigative epidemiological questionnaire, and the data were statistically analyzed using the Epi Info 3.5.2 software with a confidence level of 95%. The seroprevalence of anti-EVE antibodies was 14.2% (115), with 10.36% (84) for EEEV, 6.9% (56) for WEEV, and null for EVE. When analyzing risk factors, it can be concluded that horses raised in properties that do not clean installations and/or rent out their pasture are more likely to have anti-EVE antibodies. These results show evidence that horses raised in the East and West Potiguar mesoregions were exposed to EEEV and WEEV, thus reinforcing the importance of vaccination and serological survey of nonvaccinated horses as a means of monitoring the disease.


Subject(s)
Animals , Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology , Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Horses/virology , Brazil , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary
2.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 39(1): 47-51, Jan. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-990235

ABSTRACT

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a biomarker of neuronal cell lysis, which demonstrates stability in extracellular fluids such as blood and cerebrospinal fluid. To the authors knowledge there is no research information comparing the use of NSE in dogs with and without encephalitis, putting in evidence the importance of that biomarker to detect neuronal damage in dogs. The objective was to compare the serum NSE levels in dogs with and without encephalitis, and to determine the serum NSE levels in normal dogs. Thirty eight dogs were evaluated, 19 dogs with encephalitis (EG Group) and 19 dogs without encephalitis (CG Group). The criteria for inclusion in the EG Group were presence of neurological signs in more than one part of the CNS (multifocal syndrome) and positive molecular diagnosis for canine distemper virus; for the CG Group were an age between 1 to 7 years and be clinically normal; NSE were measured in serum using an ELISA assay, and the results were compared. In the EG Group the NSE values were higher with significant difference (P=0.0053) when compared with the CG Group. NSE is a biomarker that can be measured in serum samples of dogs to monitor neuronal lesions in encephalitis.(AU)


Enolase neuronal específica (NSE) é um biomarcador de lise de neurônios, que demonstra estabilidade em fluidos extracelulares como sangue e líquido cerebrospinal. Para o conhecimento dos autores, não há informações de pesquisa que comparem o uso de NSE em cães com e sem encefalite, evidenciando a importância desse biomarcador para detectar danos neuronais em cães. O objetivo foi comparar os níveis séricos de NSE em cães com e sem encefalites, e determinar os níveis séricos de NSE em cães saudáveis. Trinta e oito cães foram avaliados, 19 cães com encefalites (Grupo EG) e 19 cães sem encefalite (Grupo CG). O critério para inclusão no Grupo EG foi presença de sinais neurológicos em mais de uma estrutura do SNC (síndrome multifocal) e positividade no diagnóstico molecular para o vírus da cinomose canina; para o Grupo CG foi idade entre 1 e 7 anos e ser clinicamente normal; NSE foram mensuradas em amostras séricas usando o método de ELISA, e os resultados comparados. No Grupo EG os valores de NSE foram altos com diferença significativa (P=0.0053) quando comparado com o Grupo CG. NSE é um biomarcador que pode ser mensurado em amostras séricas de cães para monitorar lesões neuronais em encefalites.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/biosynthesis , Encephalitis, Viral/diagnosis , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary , Distemper/diagnosis , Distemper Virus, Canine , Dogs
3.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 34(11): 1109-1114, nov. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-736037

ABSTRACT

Fatal Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) was diagnosed in 12 captive marmosets (Callithrix jacchus and Callithrix penicillata) from metropolitan region of São Paulo, São Paulo State. Clinical signs were variable among the cases, but most affected marmosets presented signs associated with viral epithelial replication: oral, lingual and facial skin ulcers and hypersalivation, and viral replication in the central nervous system: prostration, seizure and aggressive behavior. Consistent microscopic findings were diffuse mild to severe nonsuppurative necrotizing meningoencephalitis with gliosis, vasculitis and neuronal necrosis. Additionally, in the brain, oral cavity, skin, adrenal gland and myoenteric plexus intranuclear inclusion bodies were present. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of the HHV-1 antigen in association with lesions in the brain, oral and lingual mucosa, facial skin, adrenal gland and myoenteric plexus. HHV-1-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the brain was carried out and the virus was detected in 7/8 infected marmosets. It is concluded that HHV-1 causes widespread fatal infection in marmosets.(AU)


Infecção fatal por Herpesvirus simplex Tipo 1 (HHV-1) foi diagnosticada em 12 saguis de cativeiro (Callithrix jacchus e Callithrix penicillata) provenientes da região metropolitana de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo. Os sinais clínicos foram variáveis entres os casos, no entanto, a maioria dos saguis afetados apresentavam sinais associados à replicação viral em epitélios: úlceras na cavidade oral, língua e pele da face e hipersalivação; e no sistema nervoso central: prostração, convulsão e comportamento agressivo. Histologicamente, o principal achado foi meningoencefalite necrosante não supurativa difusa, leve a acentuada com gliose, vasculite e necrose neuronal. Inclusões intranucleares também foram observadas em encéfalo, cavidade oral, pele, glândula adrenal e plexo mioentérico. A imuno-histoquímica anti-HHV-1 confirmou a presença do antígeno viral em associação às lesões em encéfalo, mucosa oral e lingual, pele da face, glândula adrenal e plexo mioentérico. Em 7/8 saguis infectados foi detectada a presença de HHV-1 por reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) a partir de amostras de encéfalo. Conclui-se que HHV-1 causa uma infecção disseminada e fatal em saguis.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Callithrix/virology , Herpesvirus 1, Human , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary , Herpes Simplex/pathology , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
4.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 30(3): 211-218, mar. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-545160

ABSTRACT

A raiva é uma zoonose viral que acomete o sistema nervoso central (SNC) de mamíferos, considerada um grave problema de saúde pública. Herbívoros (bovinos e equinos) são frequentemente acometidos pela in-fecção após serem atacados por morcegos hematófagos (Desmodus rotundus). A técnica de imunofluorescência direta (IFD) realizada em tecidos frescos, recomendada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), é utilizada para o diagnóstico da raiva. A técnica de imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) é utilizada para detectar antígenos em tecidos fixados, pelo uso de anticorpos monoclonais/policlonais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sensibilidade da IHQ na detecção de antígenos do vírus da raiva em amostras de SNC de herbívoros fixadas em formol, analisando a distribuição antigênica em diferentes fragmentos do SNC. Os resultados demonstraram concordância das técnicas de IFD e IHQ. A IHQ mostrou maior sensibilidade em amostras de bovinos em relação às de equinos, especialmente quando realizada em fragmentos de cerebelo e tronco encefálico. A detecção de antígeno nestes fragmentos foi mais consistente para ambas as técnicas, nas duas espécies. Estes resultados demonstram que a IHQ pode ser empregada para a vigilância epidemiológica da raiva, entretanto, recomenda-se cautela ao se empregar a IHQ para diagnóstico de doença em herbívoros, especialmente quando o fragmento encaminhado ao laboratório for apenas o hipocampo.


Rabies is a viral zoonosis that causes disease in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals and it is considered a serious problem of public health. Herbivorous (bovines and equines) are often infected after being attacked by vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). The direct fluorescent antibody technique is used as a diagnostic test to detect viral antigens in fresh tissues and is recommended by the World Health Organization. The immunohistochemistry technique (IHC) is used to detect the viral antigen through the use of monoclonal/policlonal antibodies in formalin-fixed tissues. The aim of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of the IHC in samples of CNS of herbivorous fixed in formol, analyzing the antigenic distribution in different fragments of the CNS. The results demonstrated good agreement between the two techniques for the rabies diagnosis. The IHC presented higher sensitivity in samples of cattle comparing to horse samples, especially in fragments of cerebellum and brain stem. These fragments demonstrated to be more suitable for antigen detection by both techniques in the two species. These data demonstrate that the IHC is suitable for rabies vigilance yet cautions should be taken in examining cattle and horses samples, when the submitted specimen is only the hippocampus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Immunohistochemistry , Fluorescent Antibody Technique/methods , Fluorescent Antibody Technique/veterinary , Central Nervous System/pathology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary , Rabies virus/pathogenicity , Tissue and Organ Harvesting/methods , Tissue and Organ Harvesting/veterinary , Encephalitis, Viral/transmission , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary , Horses
5.
Rev. colomb. cienc. pecu ; 17(2): 148-155, ago. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-473952

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica sobre la encefalitis bovina que causa en herpesvirus bovino tipo 5 (HVB-5) destacando aspectos relativos a las características biológicas del virus, patogénesis, signos clínicos de la enfermedad y diagnóstico. Se enfatiza en el conocimiento de algunas enfermedades como la polioencefalomalacia de los bovinos que es uno de los principales diagnósticos diferenciales de esta entidad. El HVB-5 cuya presencia ha sido reportada en varios países de Europa y América no se encuentra descrito en Colombia por lo que se discute sobre la existencia del mismo y la necesidad de investigación al respecto en el país.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Encephalomalacia , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary , Herpesvirus 5, Bovine
6.
Ciênc. rural ; 29(4): 741-3, out.-dez. 1999.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-255029

ABSTRACT

Canine distemper virus infection and secondary Bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia are described in mongrel dogs. Canine distemper was characterised by nonsuppurative demyelinating encephalitis with typical inclusion bodies in astrocytes. B. bronchiseptica was isolated from areas of purulent bronchopneumonia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Bordetella bronchiseptica/isolation & purification , Bronchopneumonia/etiology , Bronchopneumonia/veterinary , Distemper/complications , Distemper/microbiology , Encephalitis, Viral/etiology , Encephalitis, Viral/microbiology , Encephalitis, Viral/veterinary , Bordetella Infections/complications , Bordetella Infections/veterinary , Distemper Virus, Canine/isolation & purification , Dog Diseases/microbiology
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